Emperor is a title indicating an aristocratic ruler of even greater importance than a king. From the Latin imperator, originally a title for a Roman military commander.
Countries which have been ruled by emperors or empresses:
- Roman empire
- China
- Russia ("czar" or "tsar" is from the Latin "Caesar")
- Germany ("kaiser", also derived from Latin "Caesar")
- Austro-Hungarian empire (Holy Roman Empire)
- France (Napoleon Bonaparte and Napoleon III)
- India (1876 - 1947)
Countries that are currently ruled by an emperor or empress: