The kingdom of Scotland is taken to have begun when Kenneth I became king of the Picts and the Scots.
- Kenneth mac Alpin 843 - 858
- Donald I 858 - 862
- Constantine I 862 - 877
- Aed 877 - 878
- Eochaid 878 - 889
- Donald II 889 - 900
- Constantine II 900 - 943
- Malcolm I 943 - 954
- Indulf 954 - 962
- Dubh 962 - 966
- Culen 966 - 971
- Kenneth II 971 - 995
- Constantine III 995 - 997
- Kenneth III 997 - 1005
- Malcolm II 1005 - 1034
- Duncan I 1034 - 1040
- Macbeth 1040 - 1057
- Lulach 1057 - 1058
- Malcolm III (Canmore) 1058 - 1093
- Donald Ban 1093 - 1094
- Duncan II 1094 - 1094
- Donald Ban (second reign) 1094 - 1097
- Edgar 1097 - 1107
- Alexander I 1107 - 1124
- David I 1124 - 1153
- Malcolm IV 1153-1165
- William I (The Lion) 1165-1214
- Alexander II 1214-1249
- Alexander III 1249-1286
- Margaret (the Maid of Norway) 1286-1290
- No king from 1290-1292
- John Balliol 1292-1296
- No king from 1296-1306
- Robert I (the Bruce) 1306-1329
- David II 1329-1371
- Robert II (Stewart) 1371-1390
- Robert III 1390-1406
- James I 1406-1437
- James II 1437-1460
- James III 1460-1488
- James IV 1488-1513
- James V 1513-1542
- Mary (Queen of Scots) 1542-1567
- James VI of Scotland and I of England 1567-1625
For kings after the Union of the Crowns, when England and Scotland began sharing the same monarchs, see United Kingdom/Monarchs
For earlier kings, see Dalriada/Monarchs